EFFECT OF UNTREATED SEWAGE DUMP ON THE QUALITY OF GROUNDWATER IN IDDO COMMUNITY, LAGOS, NIGERIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51406/jagse.v10i1.1076Keywords:
groundwater, contamination, sewage, lagoon, iddo, parameters,Abstract
This study was carried out to assess contamination of groundwater in Iddo as a result of many yearsof untreated sewage dump into the adjacent Lagos lagoon. Water samples were collected from fivedifferent sites in the lagoon at certain intervals. Similarly, water samples were collected from five boreholesand seven hand – dug wells sited in the immediate neighbourhood of the sewage dump sites.Sampling covered both the dry and wet seasons and tested for faecal coliform (FC) counts along withother parameters such as Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and salinity in order to determine theireffects on the density of faecal coliforms. Analysis of parameters was subjected to standard proceduresand data presented in simple statistics. Results for faecal coliform in boreholes ranged from 20-100 total plate count (TPC) /ml in dry season and 5-100 TPC/ml in wet season, while in well water, thevalues are >100 TPC/ml (dry season) and 30 TPC/ml – TNTC (too numerous to count) (wet season).In the lagoon water samples, faecal coliform counts are generally greater than 100 TPC/ml in dry seasonand varied between 100 TPC/ml and TNTC in wet season. BOD values of the lagoon varied fromND (not detected) to 2.8 mg/l (dry season) and 2.4-3.8 mg/l (wet season) with salinity values 3.27-3.45% and 0.70-0.96 % in dry and wet season respectively. Coliform values were higher than World HealthOrganisation standard in drinking water. Results of analysis showed that both surface water andgroundwater in Iddo community are heavily contaminated by the disposal of untreated sewage dumpsReferences
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Foludex Press Ltd., Ibadan. Pp. 32-118.
Aina, E.O.A. 1992. Water pollution and
the health of the nation: which way? Keynote
address delivered as Director, Federal
Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA).
Ajao, E.A. 1990. The influence of domestic
and industrial effluents on populations of
sessile and benthic organism in Lagos lagoon.
PhD thesis. University of Ibadan, Nigeria,
413 p.
Ajao, E.A., Fagade, S.O. 1990. A study of
sediments in Communities in Lagos lagoon.
Oil and Chemical Pollution, 7: 85-117.
Akoachere, J.T.K., Oben, P.M., Mbivnjo,
B.S., Ndip, L.M., Nkwelang, G., Ndip,
R.N. 2008. Bacterial indicators of pollution
of the Douala lagoon, Cameroon: Public
health implications African Health Science,
8(2): 85–89.
Bonde, B.J. 1977. Bacterial indication of
water pollution In: Droop, M.R. and Jannasch,
H. (eds.) Advances in Aquatic Microbiology,
1: 273 – 364.
Egwari, L., Aboaba, O.O. 2002.
Environmental Impact on the bacteriological
quality of Ekundayo, J.A. 1977. Environmental
consequences of pollution of the Lagos
Lagoon. Bulletin of the Science Association
of Nigeria, 3: 290 – 299.
GAO. 1997. Drinking water: Information on
the quality of water found at County Water
System and Private wells, Report to Congressional
Requesters, General Accounting Office.
GAO/RCED-97-123.
Iwugo, K.O. D`Arcy, B., Andoh, R. 2003.
Aspect of Land-based pollution of an African
coastal megacity of Lagos. www.ucd.ie/
dipcon/docs/theme14 accessed on 21 April
2010 domestic water supplies in Lagos, Nigeria.
Revista de Saude Publica. 36(4):513-
5208.
Lewis, E.L. 1980. The Practical Salinity
Scale 1978 and its antecedents. IEEE J.
Ocean. Eng., OE-5(1): 3-8.
Kotandaraman, V., Ewing, B.B. 1969. A
probabilistic analysis of dissolved oxygenbiochemical
oxygen demand relationships instreams. Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation,
Part 2, R73-R90.
Morgan, P. 1990. Rural Water Supplies and
Sanitation. Macmillan Publishers (Ltd), London.
Nwankwu, E.O. 1992. Microbial quality of
Lagos lagoon water and important
commercial fish species. In: Annual Report,
Nigeria Institute for Oceanography and Marine
Research, Lagos, 37-38.
Olanrewaju, D. 1990. Soak-away systems
and possible groundwater pollution problems
in developing countries. Journal of the
Royal Society for the Promotion of Health,
110(3): 108-112.
Oyenekan, J.A. 1979. The ecology of the
genus Pachymelania in Lagos lagoon. Arch.
Hydrobiol., 86: 515-522.
Orewole, M.O., Makinde, O.W.,
Adekalu, K.O., Shitu, K.A 2007. Chemical
examination of piped water supply of Ile
-Ife in Southwest Nigeria. Iranian Journal of
Environmental Health Science and Engineering, 4
(1): 51-56.
Stelma, G.N. (Jr.), McCabe, L.J. 1992.
Non-point pollution from animal sources
and shellfish sanitation. Journal of Food Protection,
55(8): 649-656.
Tatah, J.F.K., Ikenebomeh, M.J. 1999.
Influence of brewery effluent on heterotrophic
counts and some physical parameters of
Ikpoba Tropical River, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal
of Microbiology, 13: 55–58.
Vogel, A.I. 1978. A Textbook of inorganic
analysis, 3rd Edition, Longman, London.
WHO. 1993. World Health Organization,
Guidelines for drinking water quality-I, Recommendations,
2nd Ed. Geneva.
Wilson, E.M. 1990. Engineering hydrology.
4th ed. Macmillan, London, pp. 83-94.
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