EFFECTS OF FERTILIZER TYPE, RATE AND PLANT ACCESSION ON SELECTED ESSENTIAL AMINO ACID CONTENTS OF GRAIN AMARANTH
Amaranthus spp
Keywords:
Lysine content, Iso-Leucine, Tryptophan, Protein content, Grain Amaranth, Food securityAbstract
Food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food for an active and healthy life. Field investigations were carried out in 2014 and 2015 to determine the effects of five levels of poultry manure (PM 5, 10, 15 and 20 tonnes per hectare, and no fertilizer/PM as control) and NPK fertilizer (15-15-15 at 300 kg.ha-1) on amino acid content of some accessions of grain amaranth at the Crop Research Farm of the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta. Data collected on nutritive qualities were subjected to analysis of variance and means were separated using the Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (p<0.05). Effects of accession, poultry manure and their interaction on Lysine, Isoleucine and Tryptophan were significantly different. Accessions Pl 633596 and Pl 337611 had the highest Lysine content (0.86 g/16 gN). Accession Pl 576480 had thehighest Iso-leucine content (0.76 g/16 gN). Tryptophan content was highest (0.70 g/16 gN) in accessions Pl 576464, Pl 576480 and Pl 641055. Plants that received 15 t.ha-1 poultry manure had the highest Lysine and Iso-leucine contents (0.87g/16 gN; 0.75g/16gN, respectively). Highest Tryptophan content was observed from plants grown with 20t.ha-1 poultry manure. Interaction of accession and PM revealed that Lysine (0.95 g/16 gN) and Iso-leucine (0.92 g/16 gN) contents were highest at 15 t.ha-1; Tryptophan content was highest (0.85 g/16 gN) at 20 t.ha-1.The study concluded that application of 15 t.ha-1 PM enhances lysine content, an essential amino acid, of grain amaranth. It is recommended that incorporation of grain amaranth as protein supplement into existing food products such as breakfast and infant cereals should be encouraged; accessions Pl 633596, Pl 337611 and AMES 5644 could be cultivated wit)h 15 t.ha-1 PM for high lysine content.
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