STRENGTH BEHAVIOUR OF CONCRETE USING FOUNDRY SAND AS AGGREGATE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51406/jnset.v13i1.1500Keywords:
Foundry sand, Clay particles, Concrete, Pollutant.Abstract
The indiscriminate dumping of used foundry sand has led to environmental pollution and unwarranted occupation of space by this waste product. Since the trend all over the world now is the preservation of natural environment from pollutant. This paper has looked at the best and effective way of managing the waste foundry sand. Physical and chemical test were carried out on samples of foundry sand, to know its usefulness as alternative aggregate in concrete. Fine aggregate in concrete was partially replaced with foundry sand at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. Compressive tests were carried out on sixty samples of concrete cubes of dimension 150 mm x 150 mm x 150 mm. each twelve samples was used for each aggregate composition. The pure aggregate gave a 28 days concrete strength of 20.79 N/mm2, while 25% foundry gave 19.62 N/mm2, other samples gave results that were very poor due to the presence of large clay particles. Foundry sand can be applied to fine aggregate in concrete up to 25% inclusion.
References
American Foundry Society (AFS), 1991.«¤??Alternative utilization of foundry waste sand«¤?? Phase I. Des Plaines, Illinois: American Foundrymen's Society Inc.
Cal-Trans. (2003). «¤??Corrosion guidelines«¤??. California Department of Transportation Division of Engineering Services Materials Engineering and Testing Services; 5900 Folsom Blvd., Sacramento, CA 95819, Report nr Version 1.0
Emery, J. 1992. «¤??Mineral aggregate conservation - reuse and recycling«¤??. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR). Queen«¤??s Printer Ontario Canada.
Federal Highway Administration. (FHWA), 2004. «¤??Foundry sand facts for Civil Engineers«¤??. FHWA-1F-04-004, Washington.
Goodhue, M.J., Edil, T.B., Benson, C.H. 2001. «¤??Interaction of foundry sands with geosynthetics«¤??. Journal of Geotech Geoenviron Engineering; 127(4):353-62.
Ham, R.K., Boyle, W.C., Engroff, E.C., Fero, R.L. 1989. «¤??Determining the presence of organic compounds in foundry waste leachates«¤??. Modern Casting.
Heine, R.W., Loper, D.R., Santa Maria, C., Nanninga, N.1975 "Solid Waste from Foundry Processes", A Report on Research Sponsored by the American Foundrymen's Society at the University of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin Engineering Station, Madison, WI.
Jain, P.L. 2003. "Principles of Foundry Technology" Fourth Edition.Tata -McGraw- Hill Book Company, New York, p. 456.
Olawale, J.O, Ibitoye, S.A., Shittu, M.D. 2011. «¤?? Suitability Assesment of Some Nigerian Natural Moulding Sand Deposits for Foundry use«¤??. Ife Journal of Technology, Vol. 20 (2), Pp 46-50.
Olutoge, F.A. 2010.Investigation on saw dust and palm kernel shell as aggregate replacement. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Science,vol.5 ,No.4.
Sada, B.H, Amartey, Y.D., Bako, S. 2013. «¤?? Investigation into the use of groundnut shell as fine aggregate replacement«¤??. Nigerian Journal of Technology (NIJOTECH). Vol. 32. 1. Pp. 54 -60.
Siddique, R., De Schutter, G., Noumowe, A. 2009. Effect of used-foundry sand on the mechanical properties of concrete. Construction and Building Materials 23; 976ª¤?«¤??ª¤?980.
U.S. EPA, 2007 «¤??Foundry Sands Recycling«¤??. EPA530-F-07-018, Accessed Feb. 14, 2014. http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/osw/conserve/foundry/index.asp.
Winkler, E., Bol«¤??shakov, A.A. 2000. «¤??Characterization of foundry sand waste«¤?? Chelsea Center for Recycling and Economic Development, University of Massachusetts.
