BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF KENAF (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) SEEDS AS INFLUENCED BY STORAGE CONDITION
Keywords:
seed longevity, storage duration, biochemical quality, storage lifeAbstract
Kenaf, an annual plant produced for its fibre is known for fast seed deterioration in storage. To address the quick loss of seed viability, the study was carried out to determine the biochemical composition of kenaf seeds with storage temperature in order to ascertain the relationship between biochemical composition and loss of seed viability in kenaf. Eight hundred grammes each of freshly- harvested seeds of four kenaf varieties (Cuba 108, Ifeken 100, Ifeken 400 and Ifeken DI 400) were stored under both cold (19.6 ˚C, RH= ±12%) and ambient environments (23.8 - 28.1 °C, RH = ± 46.0 - 80%) for eight months. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design with three replicates. The stored seeds were assessed for biochemical attributes at 120-day intervals for a period of 240 days (0,120 and 240 days). Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance and means separated using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at 5% probability level. There were increments in the p-anisidine (0.20 – 0.57), peroxide (0.27 – 1.06 mEq/kg) and rancidity (0.10 – 0.62 mEq/kg) contents of kenaf seeds under ambient environment with storage up to 240 days which resulted in decline of their quality during storage compared to their values recorded under cold environment (0.2-0.22; 0.27-0.31; 0.10-0.07, respectively). These values were low under cold environment. Ifeken-400 and Cuba-108 varieties had lower values for free fatty acid, p-anisidine, peroxide and rancidity value when stored under cold environment, implying that they did not go rancid when stored under cold environment. Biochemical attributes of oil content, free fatty acid, p-anisidine, peroxide and rancidity of kenaf seeds declined more under ambient environment than cold environment. Storing seeds under cold environment will enhance longer storage life compared to storage under ambient conditions in the humid tropical environment.
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