EFFECTS OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF Psidium guajava LEAF ON REPRODUCTIVE HORMONES IN MALE STREPTOZOTOCIN- INDUCED DIABETIC WISTAR RATS
Keywords:
diabetes, gonadotropins, Psidium guajava, streptozotocin, testosteroneAbstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by hyperglycaemia, inadequate production, and utilization of insulin, and by thirst, hunger, and loss of weight. Several diabetic studies in human and animal models have indicated that oxidative changes associated with DM can cause infertility. This necessitated investigation and comparison of the possible reproductive hormonal effects accompanied with the hypoglycemic effects of glibenclamide and quercetin (naturally-occurring flavonoid, strong antioxidant) present in Psidium guajava leaf extract (PGLE) on streptozotocin-induced diabetic male Wistar rats. Fifteen adult male Wistar rats (155 - 198 g) were divided into five (A-E) groups and treated daily for 14 days; Group A (125 mg/kg PGLE), B (250 mg/kg PGLE), C (5 mg/kg glibenclamide), D (Negative control) and E (Non-diabetic control). On day 14, blood samples were collected for haematology and serum. Testosterone, oestrogen, progesterone, Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH) were analyzed using ELISA. Analysis of recorded data was performed by a One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test at p ≤0.05. There was significant change in percentage weight gain (A: -7.02 ± 0.12, B: -5.02 ± 0.30, C: -4.33 ± 0.38%) and fasting blood glucose concentrations (A: 126.0 ± 1.16, B: 101.7 ± 1.45, C: 97.7 ± 1.45 g/dL) in PGLE groups. A significant increase in the FSH (A: 4.68 ± 0.07, B: 6.71 ± 0.07, C: 6.29 ± 0.09 ng/mL) and LH (A: 0.56 ± 0.005, B: 0.72 ± 0.004, C: 0.61 ± 0.009 ng/mL) levels of diabetic rats treated with PGLE was also observed. Although FSH and LH levels significantly increased, this could have resulted from stimulation of the hypothalamus which causes production of both hormones. This infers the potentials of P. guajava extracts as fertility booster, especially in male subjects with DM.
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