AMELIORATIVE ACTIVITIES OF Vernonia amygdalina Delile METHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACT IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC WISTAR RATS
Keywords:
Diabetes, Vernonia amygdalina, Haematology, Histopathology, AmeliorativeAbstract
There is an increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in Africa. It is estimated that by 2030, people living with this condition would increase to 33 million in the African region alone. This study evaluated the ameliorative effects of Vernonia amygdalina on alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus in male rats. Thirty adult male rats were randomly assigned into five groups (n=6). Diabetes mellitus was induced in animals allotted to groups A-D. Groups A and B were treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg of V. amygdalina extract while C and D were treated with 5mg/kg glibenclamide and 10 mg/kg propylene glycol respectively. Group E (non-diabetic control) was treated with 10 mg/kg propylene glycol. All treatments were administered orally once daily for 21 days. Blood samples were obtained from the tail of the rats daily on days 1 – 7, days 14 and 21 for determination of fasting blood glucose using a glucometer. On day 21, five milliliters of blood was collected for haematology and serum biochemistry. Tissues were harvested for histopathology. There was a significant loss in weight in extract-treated groups. Similarly, blood glucose concentration was significantly lower (p≤0.05) in group B than in D. Haematology and protein profile values across the groups showed no significant difference (p>0.05). Low-density lipoprotein was higher significantly (p≤0.05) in group B than in group C. The cytoarchitecture of pancreatic islets and kidneys was maintained in the extract-treated groups in contrast to group C. V. amygdalina leaves extract possess anti-diabetic potential.
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