IMPERATIVENESS OF HUMANISING THE SCIENCES IN THE QUEST FOR GLOBAL PEACE, SECURITY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Keywords:
Humankind, Technology, Society, Human Knowledge, Civilization, MoralityAbstract
This article provides a rational justification for the need to humanize the sciences in the quest for peace, security and sustainable development in a technology-based global society. The article explores the significant contributions of great philosophers to the interconnectedness and interdependence of the Humanities and Sciences in the history of Western thought. It further discusses the role of 18th Century Industrial Revolution in the radical shift of attention from the humanities to technological innovations and the reason for the erroneous assumption and gross misconception that humanistic disciplines are aesthetic luxury. Arising from the linkage between the sciences and the global challenge of insecurity, this paper emphasizes the relevance of humanistic approach and methods to sciences in the light of the skills and invaluable insights of the humanities, which can help to proffer both ethical and value-laden creative solutions to myriad of problems facing humanity in a globalized world. This paper considers the importance of humanizing the sciences not only for the survival and good of humanity, but also for the establishment of a viable relationship between science and society. The paper further argues that a synergy between the sciences and humanities and the integrated efforts of the two fields would help in addressing global challenges posing threats to human existence and total well-being. It concludes that the pursuit of human moral refinement, which is the preoccupation of humanities, must be the central focus of our education with a view to achieving a realistic sustainable development in this age of globalizati
References
Action Against Hunger 2021. Hunger Relief in Africa. https://www.action.aganisthunger.org. Assessed on December 28, 2021.
Awolowo, O. 1966. Thoughts on Nigerian Constitution, Ibadan: Oxford University Press,157-158.
Ayodele B. 2010. Curriculumnising Peace Education as a Strategy for Conflict Management in Africa in Dynamics of Peace Process Albert I.O and Oloyede I.O (eds.) Ilorin Publication of Centre for Peace and Strategies Studies, University of Ilorin, 75-86.
Banjo, A. 2014a. Some Humanistic Perspectives on the Nigerian Condition in Repositioning the Nigerian University System: Perspective of an Insider (ed.) Olayinka, A.I. Ibadan University Press.
Banjo, A. 2014b. The Mission of the Humanities in the Contemporary Nigeria University (Being Faculty of Arts Lecture, Nassarawa State University, Keffi) in Repositioning the Nigerian University System: Perspective of an Insider (ed.) Olayinka, A.I. Ibadan University Press.
Banjo, A. 2014c. "Open and Distance Learning: An Imperative Tool for Educational Economic Development in Nigeria. In Repositioning the Nigerian University System: Perspective of an Insider (ed.) Olayinka, A.I. Ibadan University Press.
Basiru, A. S. 2010. "Rethinking Democracy and Peace in West Africa" in Dynamics of Peace Process (eds.) Albert, I.O. and Oloyede, I.O. Publication of Centre for Peace and Strategic Studies, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, 64-68.
Clarke, R.V. 2004. Technology, Criminology and Crime Science. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research 10, 55-63. https:/doi.org/10.1023/B:CRIM.0000047557.42894.f7.
Cockbain, E., Laycock, G. 2017. Crime Science. https://doi;org/10/1093/acrefore/97801902 64079.013.4 assessed on September 30, 2021.
Dorot, R., Davidovitch, N. 2020. The Status of Humanities in the 21st Century: A Case Study. European Journal of Educational Sciences, 7(3), https://dx. doi.org/10.19044/ejes.v7no3a9.
Essien, F. 2008. The Niger-Delta Conflict and National Security. An Unpublished Ph.d Thesis Submitted to Peace and Conflict Studies Programme. Institute of African Studies, University of Ibadan, 1-25.
Falola, T. 2018. Food and Us: Poverty, Policies and Politics. 26th Convocation Lecture of the Federal University of Agriculture, 12-29.
Food and Agriculture Organization 2020. The State of Food Insecurity in the World. https://www.fao.org assessed on August 28, 2021.
Food and Agriculture Organization 2021. The State of Food Insecurity and Nutrition in the World. https://www.fao.org assessed on October 12, 2021.
Food and Agriculture Organization 2022. Impact of the Ukarine-Russia Conflict on Global Food Security and Related Matters under the Mandate of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), https://www.fao.org.
FAO, IFAD (International Fund for Agricultural Development), UNICEF (United Nations Children's Fund) WFP (World Food Programme) and WHO (World Health Organisation) 2023. The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2023: Urbanization, Agrifood Systems Transformation and Healthy Diet More Affordable. Rome: FAO. https://doing. org/10.4060/cc3017en.
Fawole, W. A. 2005. Contemporary Issues in International Relations: An Overview in Perspective on Peace and Conflict in Africa. Essays in Honour of Gen. (Dr.) Abdusalami Abubakar, (ed.) I.O. Albert, Ibadan: Peace and Conflict Studies, University of Ibadan in Collaboration with John Archer Publishers, 305-311.
Fayeye, J.O. 2010. Security Sector Management and Peace Processes in Nigeria in Dynamics of Peace Process (eds.) Albert, I.O. and Oloyede, I.O. Publication of Centre for Peace and Strategic Studies, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, 195-201.
Francis, D. 2006. Peace and Conflict Studies: An Africa Overview of Basic Concepts in Introduction to Peace and Conflict Studies in West Africa. Abuja, (ed.) Gaya Best, National Universities Commission and University Press, Addis Ababa.
Frank, P. 1957. Philosophy and Science: the Link between Philosophy and Science: Englewood Cliff, Prentice-Hall Inc: P.10.
Gbadegesin, A. 2009. Social Justice and the Environment in the Niger Delta in Cross Currents: Building a Bridge across American and Nigerian Studies (ed.) Byfield, J. A. BookBuilders Editions Africa, 81.
Gelle, A. 2018. The Equation: Why We Need to Humanize Chemists and All Scientists. blog.ucsusa.org.
Global Hunger lndex 2023. Concern Worldwide and Welthungerhlife(WHH). https://www.globalhungerindex.org>
Hart, K. 2017. The Wests Moral and Political Crisis. Available Online at https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8322.12358. Assessed on October 10, 2021.
Holm, P., Jarrick, A., Scott, D. 2015. The Value of Humanities. Humanities World Report 2015. London: Palgrave Macmillian UK. Assessed online on September 3, 2021.
Husain, A. 2022. The Ukraine War is Deepening Global Food Insecurity- What Can Be Done? United Nations Institute of Peace: Analysis and Commentary. www.usip.org.
Ibeanu, O. 2006. 'Conceptualising Peace'. In Best, S. G. (ed.) Introduction to Peace and Conflict Studies in West Africa. Ibadan: Spectrum Books Ltd.
Kalam, A. 2018. The Role of Philosophers in the Development of Science: A Historical Approach. International Journal of Research and Analytical Review, 5 (3): 53-56.
Kegley, C.W., Wittkopf, E.R. 2004. World Politics Trend and Transformation. Thomson Wadsworth, USA.
Kikkawa, G. 2011. Government and Politics. Vol II Broadening the Concept of Peace and Security. Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS) http://www.eolss.net/Eolss-sample Allchapter. aspx.
Makinde, A.M. 2004. Political Scepticism: Nigeria and the Outside World. Inaugural Lecture Series 167, Obafemi Awolowo University Press, 3-7
Morgenthau, H. J., Thompson, K.W. 2005. Politics among Nation: The Struggle for Power and Peace. McGraw-Hill Education, 7th Edition, 333-334
Mshana, J. A. 2015. Cybercrime: An Empirical Study of Its Impact in the Society. A Case Study of Tanzania. Available online https://www.ajol.info.view. Retrieved on November 2, 2021
Nelson, R.G. 2019. Racism in Science: The Taint that Lingers https://www.nature.com assessed on October 17, 2021.
Nicholas, F. 2018. Meet the Organizations Using Tech to End World Hunger https://www.forbes.com.
Nishan, S. 2020. The Concept of Development: Definition, Theories and Contemporary Perspectives. https://researchgate.net/publication/340375763
Novak, D. 2009. The Moral Crisis of the West: The Judeo-Christian Response. Scottish Journal of Theology, 53 (1): 1-21, Published Online by Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom, https://doi.org.10.1017/SOO36930600053874.
Nwolise, O. B. C. 2006. National Security and Sustainable Democracy in Ojo, E. O. (ed.) Challenges of Sustainable Democracy in Nigeria. Ibadan: John Archers Publishers, 32-50.
Odoma, S. 2010. Security Sector Management: A Pivot to Economic Development of Nigeria in Dynamics of Peace Process (eds.) Albert, I.O. and Oloyede, I.O. Publication of Centre for Peace and Strategic Studies, University of Ilorin, 202-217.
Oloyede, I.O. 1999. Cultural Pluralism as a Challenge to Effectiveness of University Education in Fostering the Culture of Dialogue and Understanding. A Paper Delivered at the 2009 IAU Conference on the Role of Higher Education in fostering the culture of dialogue and understanding in Nigeria. Lebanon: Notre Dame University.
Okebukola, P. A. 2022. Nigeria in 2050 and the Future of Work: Blending Humanities with Science in University Education. Keynote Address Presented at the International Colloquium to Celebrate Emeritus Professor Ayo Banjo at 88.
Omede, J. A. 2011. Nigeria: Analysing the Security Challenges of the Goodluck Jonathan Administration. Canadian Social Science, 7 (5), 90-102.
Omoregbe, J. I. 2004. Knowing Philosophy: A General Introduction. Joja Educational Research and Publishers Limited, Lagos, 89-199.
Onifade, C., Imhonopi, D., Urim, U. M. 2013. Addressing the Insecurity Challenges in Nigeria: The Imperative of Moral Values and Value Ethics: Global Journal of Human Social Science Political Science, 13 (2), 53-63
Ortiz, I. 2020. The World in 2021. https://www.globalissues.org/amp/news/2020/12/22/27143
Oyeshile, O. A. 2019. The Humanities and Utilitarian Conception of Development in Africa: Issues and Contentions. Abraka Humanities Review, 9 (1), 1-19.
Rauf, A. 2006. Philosophy and the Nigerian Society. Being Text of the Lecture Delivered During the Departmental Week of the National Association of Philosophy Students, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife Chapter.
Reiter, C. M. 2017. 21st Century Education: The Importance of the Humanities in Primary Education in the Age of STEM. Senior Theses 65. Dominican University of California. https://doi.or/10.33015/dominicon.edu/2017.HCS.ST.09.
Rodney, W. 1982. How Europe Underdeveloped Africa. Enugu: Ikenga Publishers, 2-25
Saini, A. 2019. Superior: The Return of Race Science. Boston: Beacon Press, Forth Estate Books, 101-230
Schumacher, E. F. 2010. Small Is Beautiful: A Study of Economics as if People Mattered. Harper Perennial (Illustrated Edition), United Kingdom, 73-82
Shaimka, N. 2017. The Role of Science, Technology and Innovation in Ensuring Food Security in 2030 UNCTAD https/uncta.org. Assessed on October 3, 2021.
Sinha, R., Vedpuria, N. K. 2018. Social Impact of Cyber Crime: A Sociological Analysis. International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering. https://www.ijmra.us.
Seedstar, 2021. Innovation in FoodTech as A Way to Stop World Hunger. https://seedstar.com/content-hub/newsroom/innovation-foodtech-way-stop-world-hunger/
Tella, O. 2022. The Russia-Ukraine Crisis and the Security Dilemma. Premium Times, https://www.premiumtimesng.com/opinion/519787-russia-ukraine-crisis-escalation-or-detente-by-oluwaseun-tella.html.
Tucker, W. H. 2008. The Ideology of Racism: Misusing Science to Justify Racial Discrimination. UN Chronicles, Volume 44, Issue 3, https://doi.org/10.18356/c9ce63b4-en or https://www.un.org assessed on September 3, 2021.
Udofia, D. 2010. Interrogating Security Sector Reforms in West Africa. in Dynamics of Peace Process (eds.) Albert, I.O. and Oloyede, I.O. Publication of Centre for Peace and Strategic Studies, University of Ilorin, 202-217.
White, J. J. 1979. Realist Metaphysical and Development in Africa Second Order: An Africa Journal of Philosophy, 8, (1&2), 11-27.
World Bank 2020. Covid-19 to Add as Many as 150 Million Extreme Poor by 2021. https://www.worldbank.com.